Sound used in Jaws

Diegetic - within the scene
Non-diegetic - added afterwards in post production
Crescendo - build up of sound/music
Diminuedo - gradual 'die away' of music
Sforzando - sudden sharp sound

In the second scene in Jaws the director uses diegetic sound when on the beach with all of the peoples voices and music from radios. Spielberg uses non-diegetic sound when it shows the sharks P.O.V; he also uses a crescendo when doing this.
In The Godfather 1 scene where Michael shoots Sollozzo and McCluskey the director uses all diegetic sound which mostly crescendos but at the very end of the scene after he shoots then there is non-diegetic sound which is very suspenseful.

Psycho

Alfred Hitchcock uses fast paced cuts in the stabbing of the shower scene to create excitement and tension and hide nudity and to also hide the fact of the knife not actually entering the body. In this scene Marion, the main character, enjoys her shower so much because she feels like she is washing away the sins that she has committed earlier in the film. When she dies the scene cuts to the water and blood getting washed down the plughole; this is then juxtaposed by a long slow shot of Marion's eye. This is done to represent her life fading away.

Edits - Main Edits

• Cut
• Dissolve - time passing
• Fade to black/white and fade-up pace can be changed on this one (often time-passing)
• Jump cut - gives the effect of jumping forwards in time
• Graphic match - the image of one object fades/dissolves/cuts to another that is similar

Basic Camera Shots

Extreme close-up - A very close up shot that emphasises a reaction.



Close-up - Face and head; shows details of character


Medium close-up - Head and shoulders.

























Mid-shot - Just above or below the waistline.

Mid long shot 

Long shot

Extreme long shot

Mise-en-scene - Opening Scene of Jaws

• Sharks P.O.V as it swims
• We hear non-diegetic low, stringed music - associated with the shark
• Camera tracks past kids around camp fire
• Fire is source of light
• Girl and boy on edge of group - outsiders
• Medium close up shot of girl - fence poles behind her - suggests she is trapped
• High angle shot of beach - boy and girl run off into darkness - vulnerable and weak
• When running there are bars all around them - darkness - music fades away - can hear the sea
• Longshot - calm - in moonlight - peaceful
• Sunset - symbolises end of the girls life
• Switches to close up shot instead of longshot to bring audience closer to the action
• Music comes back on - sharks P.O.V
• Cuts away and sharks not shown to keep suspense - music suggests something is going to happen
• Music suddenly drops when she dies - cuts to boy and is peaceful and calm

Mise-en-scene

Everything within the frame - setting, lighting, costume, framing and composition, colours, expressions, make up.

Creation of the mise-en-scene can influence the way the audience reads the scene/its interpretation of character or situation.

Semiology - the study of signs/symbols - helps create depth to the scene.

The Woman in Black

In The Woman in Black, the director makes the scene where Arthur is travelling to the house very gloomy. He does this by using very limited colours which are mainly black and grey and he does this to signify the sadness of the film.

The house that Kipps is travelling to is on an island where the only way to get to it is on a causeway and that means that when the tide comes in on the causeway will be flooded and there will be no way to leave the island and he will essentially be trapped until it uncovers.

The director uses multiple connotations of death by using things like black clothing and graveyards. He does this to imply people have died in or around the house.